Non-skid tire.



L. GRBBNWALDn NON-SKID TIRE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1908.

- Patente@ Mar. i0,

onrrnn srarns rirrnrsr orador..

LEMON GREEN'WALD. 0F BUFFALO. NEW' YORK To lll 'un/1 om it ymail] concca Be it known thatl. lnciioN timnxn'am. a citizen of the United#hatesand rc llutlalk. in thc county of liric. and State of cw `roi-k.have invented certain new and i of a smooth or plain-surfaced tirc ortread,

yet provides positive gripping action and .reduces the vibration of thevehicle. and

when used v.on soft roads. provides for thc release ol soil or of thetire. i v

.lnothcr object is to provide the tire .with

thc tire or tread and so related to the suryface of said hodyor treadthat they become compressed under the weight ot the ear until theirouter surfaces: are tlush willi the sur face of the tire or tread whenin contactwith the. rivaal-surface.

ik further object is the provision of radial gripping-studs that cannot.bc deflected from their true radial Vpositions so that the wear willalways be on the outer surface of the same, in contradistii'iction tothe studs o tiresl of this'type now -in use whichtend to llextas they'come in Contact with the roadsurface and consequently wear quickly andin a short time defeatv the purpose for which A still further object isto so form the studs that when compressed and they leave theroad-surface, they quickly recover and assume their normal condition,and in so Ydoingt'end to accelerate the velocity of the wheeh thusproducing increased activity, greater firmness, and greater resistancet0 the road` resulting in a tire from which more mileage will bereceived than with tires of this type now in use under the sameconditions and with the same motive-power. As the tendency lies towardincreasing the speed or. activity of tires', and the wearing qualitiesof a tire 'are always uppermost in the manufacture of tires, myinvention was designed to meet these requirements providing a perfectnon-slipping surface.

The invention consists in a tire or tire tread having depressions andcompressible studs risingpflrom the bottoms of said depres- Specicationof Letters Patent.

Application nica May 25,

sident of g slush filling` the depressionsI gripping-stints sotormcdarith the body of f iatentcd Mar. Nitti.

1998. Serial No. 434.7%?9.

sions and extending' beyond the treuil-sur l face: and it furtherconsists4 in the arrange l nicht. formation. and dist` isition of thevaril ons' componentv parts of the tire or tread, as shown intheaccompanying drawings I forming' a part of thisl specilication and as lt hereinafter described and claimed.

ln the drawingsflfigure l represents a ypart of a tire in pla'n View.thc same being aid out tlat. Fin'. is a cross-section of a tirccinhodringr my inrcntihn and applied to i \\heel-1iin also shown incrosssection. Fie'. 3 is an enlarged transverse section through aportion of the tread. showing' thc stu'd in nornral condition. Fig. 'lisan cnlarged .section through a portion of the tread takencirenmtei-cntially and showing the same in contact with theread-surface.

The ctire hercin shown is of the typeA l known as a doublestubeclencher-tire, but as lthis is merely shown as a representative l use ofmy invention` it is to be understood l that the invention can beembodied in any l form of tire or tire-tread, and as it is equally lapplicable to rubber mats or flooring, and to other articles where algripping` surface is desirable or necessary. l do not wish to l'limitmyself in its use to tires, although primarily designed for thatpurpose.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, like letters of reference referto like parts in the several figures. In the drawings, the referenceletter A designates a vehicle-rim, B the tire and l) the tread-surface.In the tread of the tire, depressions C are formed from the bottom ofwhich rise radial compressible studs D which project out of thedepressions a slight distance beyond the tread-surface. Owing to thesestuds extending beyond 'the treadsurface., they come in contact with theroadsurface as the wheel revolves and are compressed under the weight ofthe vehicle, in the manner shown in Fig'. il, thus allowing the naturaltread-surface to come in contact with the road and also providingan evenContact at the bottom of the tire without projecting parts. As thecompressed studs normal condition and in so doing.. tend to raise thewheel from the road-surface, which resultsin a quick reaction andrenders the tire very active so that increased speed is obtained.

The sides of the depressions C are tapered are moved rearward out ofContact with the road-surface. they expand and assume their \it. permitslateral distension such action. t'is to this frees the 2'5 tion loosensthe soil or by reason of the lateral distenson oi said'l studs, and whenthe `letter are moved refir- 15 wardoiit of Contact; withtheroiid.su1fzice, their return to norinalcondition causes the Q'ed tonorfiiisl size by the grooves to be enlarr tapered side Walls ot thestudsl moving away fron'i the side walls ofthe depressions :ind soil orslush held in said grooves so that the studs have free action when theyagain come in contact with the road surface. Said studsT therefore,serve to free the grooves sineevtheir slush lodged iii the y, grooves.By compressing the studs so that their outer surfaces are brought flushwith the surface of the tread properv` they are relieved of inuch Wearand are serviceable fory ii longer period of time than tires in whichthe gripping elements project' whollyl from the Surface of the trenAlthough theirelzitive location of the dequick rezicpressions' with thestudsvare not essential,

lI prefer to arrange Athem in staggered relai empi-ze tion one to theotheiyboth transversely and lonffit'udinally.

A tire constructed aecordingto this in-I vention will effectively guardagainst slipping on hard and smooth roads and will, oWf ing to its quickrecovery and the fact that the :tir is trapped in the groovesSurroundingV the stud, greatly accelerate theV speed of the Wheel. i l lHaving thus` described ymy invention, Wha-t I cliiiin is,-

l, A tire having a tread-surface provided with :i series of depressionswhose side Walls -zire beveled 21nd' studs within said depressions pro]ecting outward beyond said treadsurfaee. l i i 2. A tire having :itread-surface provided with a series ot depressions Whose side Walls:ire beveled and compressible frusto-conic-l studs in seid depressionsprojecting beyond f said tread-surface sind separated from the'-sidevv:ills of said depressions byy V-shaped Igrooves. v

3. A. tire having :i tread 'surface provided.4

With a series of depressions and studs within seiddepressions'p'ojecting outward beyond said tread surface. y

ln testimony whereof, I have afxed my signature in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

LEB/10N GREENWALD.

Vilitiiesses: i

lliiLA C. Pm:iieiiiiiviii:l EMIL Nnnim'nr.

